A.R. Penck was the pseudonym of Ralf Winkler, a German painter, sculptor, and musician known for his distinctive and expressive style, which often combined elements of primitivism, graffiti, and abstraction. He was born on October 5, 1939, in Dresden, Germany, and passed away on May 2, 2017.

Penck emerged as a prominent figure in the art world during the 1960s and 1970s, particularly in East Germany, where his work challenged the restrictions imposed by the socialist regime. His paintings often featured simplified, geometric forms, stick figures, and symbols, which he used to explore themes of identity, communication, and human experience.

Throughout his career, Penck drew inspiration from a diverse range of sources, including prehistoric art, tribal symbols, and contemporary popular culture. He was deeply interested in the relationship between individual and society, and his work often reflected his experiences living in both East and West Germany.

In addition to his visual art, Penck was also a musician and a member of the avant-garde rock band “E.A.T. (Elastic All Terrain).” His multidisciplinary approach to art and his willingness to explore new ideas and techniques made him a highly influential figure in the European art scene.

A.R. Penck’s work has been exhibited in major museums and galleries around the world, and he is widely regarded as one of the most important German artists of the 20th century. His bold and innovative style continues to inspire artists and collectors today.